Sarcocystis neurona (PCR) – Equine
The Sarcocystis neurona polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test is a molecular diagnostic method used to detect the DNA of Sarcocystis neurona, the primary causative agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). EPM is a severe neurological disease in horses characterized by ataxia, muscle atrophy, weakness, and a range of other neurological deficits. Horses contract S. neurona by ingesting sporocysts shed by opossums, the definitive hosts of the parasite. PCR testing offers a rapid and highly specific method for identifying S. neurona DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or tissue samples, making it an invaluable tool for diagnosing EPM. This test directly detects the presence of the parasite, which is especially useful in cases where clinical signs are nonspecific, or antibody tests cannot differentiate between exposure and active infection. Early and accurate detection of S. neurona with PCR supports timely therapeutic intervention, improving prognosis and minimizing the risk of long-term neurological damage
Test name
Sarcocystis neurona (PCR) – Equine
Test Code
E154
Section
Molecular Diagnostics
Species
Equine
Specimen
2 ml CSF
Collection Guidelines
Collect an adequate amount of CSF in a K3EDTA (purple top tube). Gently mix well after collection. Refrigerate sample at 4oC until shipment.
Turnaround time
14-21 Days
Packing Instructions
Label each sample with the animal’s name and a unique identifier, using a permanent marker or a secure adhesive label. Ensure the submittal form is completed with the animal’s information and relevant medical history.
References
- Reed, S.M., et al. “Advances in Molecular Diagnostics for Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis: PCR Applications for Sarcocystis neurona.” Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2021.
- Sellon, D.C., et al. “Utility of PCR in Diagnosing Neurological Conditions in Equines: A Focus on Sarcocystis neurona.” Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, 2022.
- Pusterla, N., et al. “PCR Diagnostics for Sarcocystis neurona: Implications for Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis.” Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2023.
